Intellectual Property in Pharmaceutical Products: Development Strategies in the Transdermal Segment

Since the beginning of the Modern Age, inventors and companies have sought to protect their innovations through patents — the legal instrument granting temporary exclusivity over their developments. In the pharmaceutical industry, this mechanism carries particular weight: research cycles are long, regulatory approval costs are high, and the commercial exclusivity [...]

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The Microbiome and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Evidence, Limitations, and Opportunities for Transdermal CNS Development

The relationship between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases is one of the most actively researched fields of the past decade. Accumulated preclinical and clinical evidence suggests the microbiota may play a key role in susceptibility to and progression of conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. At the same [...]

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Ethical Alternatives to Animal Experimentation: Advances in In Vitro Models and Their Relevance for Transdermal System Development

In recent years, the pharmaceutical and life sciences industry has intensified its search for alternatives to animal experimentation. This trend responds to three simultaneous pressures: growing concern for animal welfare, scientific doubts about the validity of extrapolating animal data to humans, and the increasing availability of alternative methodologies yielding more [...]

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Evolution of the Transdermal Market: Mergers, Diversification, and Business Opportunities in a Transforming Segment

Transdermal patches have come a long way since their introduction in 1979. However, unlike other pharmaceutical forms, they never achieved massive market penetration: between 2015 and 2022, the FDA approved only 84 transdermal patches out of a total of 7,239 generic products, representing just 1.2% of the total. The reason [...]

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GMP pharmaceutical manufacturing environment showing personal protective equipment and industrial safety signage

Work-Related Accidents in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Prevention, Classification, and Responsibilities in GMP Environments

Work-related accidents pose a constant concern in the industry, where the safety and well-being of employees are paramount. In this article, we will explore the crucial measures that must be implemented to prevent accidents, the responsibilities of companies, and the tools available to ensure a safe work environment. [...]

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Diagram of abuse deterrent formulation strategies in transdermal patches showing aversive agents and antagonists

Strategies to Deter Abuse in Transdermal Patches: Fundamentals and Applications of ADF Formulations

According to the World Health Organization, the abusive consumption of certain drugs and substances has increased in recent years, resulting in serious consequences for the population, including neurological damage, motor disabilities, addiction, overdoses, and even death. While traditional pharmaceutical forms such as tablets are frequently abused, transdermal patches, especially those [...]

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Quality Control of Transdermal Patches: Critical Quality Attributes and International Regulatory Framework

Transdermal patches present specific attributes that determine their efficacy, safety, and quality, and that must be controlled in the laboratory through analytical techniques to ensure the performance and safety of the transdermal delivery system (TDS). Some correspond to tests common to other pharmaceutical forms. However, due to the particular characteristics [...]

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